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A ribbon blender works by using a convective mixing process within a U-shaped trough to achieve homogeneous blending. Rotating helical ribbon blades move materials in opposite directions simultaneously: an outer ribbon pushes material from the sides of the trough toward the center, while an inner ribbon pushes material from the center toward the ends. This combination of axial and radial material movement, along with the cutting action of the blades, creates a continuous folding and tumbling action that results in a uniform mixture.
